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Spectrokinetics study of probable effects of diverse inorganic ions on bleaching of dye

Rafia AZMAT, Masooda QADRI, Fahim UDDIN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 131-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0556-z

摘要： Toluidine blue (TB) is an important anticoagulant metachromasia molecule showing a pronounced variation in the visible spectrum due to the aggregation phenomenon and electrostatic interaction with the charged synthetic and biologic polymers. The current study describes the interactive role of diverse inorganic material ions on the bleaching of toluidine blue (tolonium chloride) (TB ) with urea in acidic and basic media using the spectrophotometric technique. The spectra of TB and urea with different cations and anions were monitored and their characteristic features are presented here. The negative effect of added cations on reduction may be the result of altered electron pathways which led to suppression of the reduction/bleaching of TB, while a slight decrease in dye reduction by added anions may be due to the scavenging of the OH* radical. It has been observed in the case of Co that in addition to the electron-transfer reaction, other processes like layer and precipitate formation also appear to be taking place. The dye bleaching process followed pseudo first order kinetics with respect to TB, urea, and H ion, whereas significant decoloration in the presence of urea proved that reductants control the redox reaction. No decoloration in acidic medium with diverse ions was seen compared to alkaline media, showing that water pH played an important role in the bleaching of dye. The reduction/bleaching of dye was investigated at different temperatures, and energy parameters were evaluated for a TB -Urea reaction, including the energy of activation ( = 39.60 kJ·mol ), enthalpy of activation (? = 34?kJ·mol ), entropy of activation (? = 146.5 kJ mol ·K ), and free energy of activation (ΔG* = -52.35 kJ·mol ). A mechanism of interaction of diverse ions in dye bleaching and a mechanism of reduction based on the above findings is proposed.

关键词： TB     diverse ions     suppress     decoloration    

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Analysis of mobilization of inorganic ions in soil by electrokinetic remediation

Xiaojing LI, Lige WANG, Xueming SUN, Yuansheng CONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1463-1473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0569-8

摘要： Saline soil has imposed a serious threat on many expressway engineering and agricultural areas. This paper describes the performance of saline soil treatment using electrokinetic remediation technology. Comparison study involving sample soil and soil is carried out. Two different electric fields, i.e., uniform and non-uniform are utilized to promote the migration of inorganic ions contained in the soil toward the electrode area. The effects of different electric field types and potential gradient ion migration rate in soil are investigated. The test result reveals that a uniform electric field of a constant potential gradient of 1 V/cm drives the Cl through the sample soil at a rate of 1.36 cm/h. Moreover, larger potential gradients could make ions migrate faster, but more electrical energy is consumed in such a way. Compared with uniform electric field, the non-uniform process maintains the soil pH values more effectively and consumes less electrical energy. A desirable result of removing Na in soil is expected using electrokinetic remediation technology under four-times scaling up of soil volume.

关键词： electromigration     electric fields     saline soil     soil-remediation    

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Characteristics of mass distributions of aerosol particle and its inorganic water-soluble ions in summer

ZHAO Peng, ZHU Tong, LIANG Baosheng, HU Min, KANG Ling, GONG Jicheng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 159-165 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0028-y

摘要： Agricultural activity is one of the most important sources of aerosol particles. To understand the mass distribution and sources of aerosol particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in a suburb farmland of Beijing, particle samples were collected using a microorifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) in the summer of 2004 in a suburb vegetable field. The distribution of the particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in the diameter range of 0.18 18 mm were measured. The dominant fine particle ions were SO, NO, and NH. The association of day-to-day variation of the concentration of these ions with temperature, humidity, and solar radiation suggested that they are formed by the reaction of NH3 released from the vegetable field with the acid species produced from photochemical reactions. Fine particle K is likely from vegetation emission and biomass burning. Coarse particles like Ca, Mg, NO, and SO are suggested to come from the mechanical process by which the soil particle entered the atmosphere, and from the reaction of the acid species at the surface of the soil particle. The results show that fertilizer and soil are important factors determining the aerosol particle over agricultural fields, and vegetable fields in suburban Beijing contribute significantly to the aerosol particle.

关键词： diameter     atmosphere     suburban     contribute     agricultural    

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Characteristics of chemical components in PM

Jianwu SHI,Xiang DING,Yue ZHOU,Ran YOU,Lu HUANG,Jiming HAO,Feng XIANG,Jian YANG,Ze SHI,Xinyu HAN,Ping NING

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0841-2

摘要： The mass concentrations of PM were studied at a plateau city. Seasonal and spatial variation of chemical components in PM were analyzed. Primary emissions were the main contributors of PM . A sampling campaign including summer, autumn and winter of 2014 and spring of 2015 was accomplished to obtain the characteristic of chemical components in PM at three sites of Kunming, a plateau city in South-west China. Nine kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSI), organic and element carbon (OC and EC) in PM were analyzed by ion chromatography and thermal optical reflectance method, respectively. Results showed that the average concentrations of total WSI, OC and EC were 22.85±10.95 μg·m , 17.83±9.57 μg·m and 5.11±4.29 μg·m , respectively. They totally accounted for 53.0% of PM . Secondary organic and inorganic aerosols (SOA and SIA) were also assessed by the minimum ratio of OC/EC, nitrogen and sulfur oxidation ratios. The annual average concentrations of SOA and SIA totally accounted for 28.3% of the PM concentration. The low proportion suggested the primary emission was the main source of PM in Kunming. However, secondary pollution in the plateau city should also not be ignorable, due to the appropriate temperature and strong solar radiation, which can promote the atmospheric photochemical reactions.

关键词： PM2.5     Plateau city     Organic carbon     Element carbon     Inorganic ions     Secondary components    

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Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1452-0

摘要：

•Harbin showed relatively high threshold RH (80%) for apparent increase of SOR.

关键词： Haze     Sulfate     Nitrate     Heterogeneous chemistry     Biomass burning     Northeast China    

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minimized fluorescent chemosensor array utilizing carboxylate-attached polythiophenes on a chip for metal ions

Yui Sasaki, Xiaojun Lyu, Zhoujie Zhang, Tsuyoshi Minami

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 72-80 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2037-y

摘要： Chemosensor arrays have a great potential for on-site applications in real-world scenarios. However, to fabricate on chemosensor array a number of chemosensors are required to obtain various optical patterns for multi-analyte detection. Herein, we propose a minimized chemosensor array composed of only two types of carboxylate-functionalized polythiophene derivatives for the detection of eight types of metal ions. Upon recognition of the metal ions, the polythiophenes exhibited changes in their fluorescence intensity and various spectral shifts. Although both chemosensors have the same polymer backbone and recognition moiety, only the difference in the number of methylene groups contributed to the difference in the fluorescence response patterns. Consequently, the metal ions in aqueous media were successfully discriminated qualitatively and quantitatively by the chemosensor microarray on the glass chip. This study offers an approach for achieving a minimized chemosensor array just by changing the alkyl chain lengths without the necessity for many receptors and reporters.

关键词： metal ions     polythiophene     chemosensor array     fluorescence     pattern recognition    

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Organic and inorganic phosphorus uptake by bacteria in a plug-flow microcosm

Jinbo ZHAO, Xuehua LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 173-184 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0494-3

摘要： Phosphorus (P) is a vital nutrient for sustaining natural water productivity. Both particulate and dissolved forms of organic and inorganic P are potentially important sources of bioavailable P for primary and secondary producers. A microcosm system to imitate the bacterial community in Plym river sediment and pore water is described and bacterial uptake rates for inorganic and organic phosphorus are presented in this paper. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of two organic phosphorus compounds (phytic acid and D-glucose-6-phosphate) by freshwater bacteria. The bioreactors comprise glass columns packed with two types of small glass beads on which bacterial biofilm can develop. The glass beads with different porosity were introduced to simulate River SPM. The selected P compounds spiked into the inflow of the microcosm, and measured the step change of P concentration in the outflow to investigate the behavior of bacterial uptake of nutrients. The results showed that organic phosphorus was converted into inorganic phosphorus but the conversion rate depended on the type of phosphorus species. One experiment suggested that phytic acid (refractory) could displace phosphate from the biofilm surface; the other experiment showed that D-glucose-6-phosphate (labile) could be hydrolysed and utilized easily by the bacteria. The results also suggested that bacteria might break down the C-P bonds to utilize the carbon. Further experiments should investigate the effect of varying the C:N:P ratio in the microcosm system to determine which nutrient limits bacteria uptake.

关键词： organic phosphorus     bacteria     uptake    

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Nano-copper ions assembled cellulose-based composite with antibacterial activity for biodegradable personal

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1544-1554 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2288-2

摘要： The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the widespread use of personal protective equipment, particularly face masks. However, the use of commercial disposable face masks puts great pressure on the environment. In this study, nano-copper ions assembled cotton fabric used in face masks to impart antibacterial activity has been discussed. To produce the nanocomposite, the cotton fabric was modified by sodium chloroacetate after its mercerization, and assembled with bactericidal nano-copper ions (about 10.61 mg·g–1) through electrostatic adsorption. It demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli because the gaps between fibers in the cotton fabric allow the nano-copper ions to be fully released. Moreover, the antibacterial efficiency was maintained even after 50 washing cycles. Furthermore, the face mask constructed with this novel nanocomposite upper layer exhibited a high particle filtration efficiency (96.08% ± 0.91%) without compromising the air permeability (28.9 min·L–1). This green, economical, facile, and scalable process of depositing nano-copper ions onto modified cotton fibric has great potential to reduce disease transmission, resource consumption, and environmental impact of waste, while also expanding the range of protective fabrics.

关键词： cellulose-based     nanocomposite     biodegradable antibacterial fabric     nano-copper ions     face masks    

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Immobilization of laccase on organic–inorganic nanocomposites and its application in the removal of phenolic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 867-879 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2277-5

摘要： Polydopamine-functionalized nanosilica was synthesized using an inexpensive and easily obtainable raw material, mild reaction conditions, and simple operation. Subsequently, a flexible spacer arm was introduced by using dialdehyde starch as a cross-linking agent to bind with laccase. A high loading amount (77.8 mg∙g‒1) and activity retention (75.5%) could be achieved under the optimum immobilization conditions. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the immobilized laccase had a lower thermal deactivation rate constant and longer half-life. The enhancement of thermodynamic parameters indicated that the immobilized laccase had better thermal stability than free laccase. The residual activity of immobilized laccase remained at about 50.0% after 30 days, which was 4.0 times that of free laccase. Immobilized laccase demonstrated excellent removal of phenolic pollutants (2,4-dichlorophenol, bisphenol A, phenol, and 4-chlorophenol) and perfect reusability with 70% removal efficiency retention for 2,4-dichlorophenol after seven cycles. These results suggested that immobilized laccase possessed great reusability, improved thermal stability, and excellent storage stability. Organic–inorganic nanomaterials have a good application prospect for laccase immobilization, and the immobilized laccase of this work may provide a practical application for the removal of phenolic pollutants.

关键词： polydopamine     pollutant removal     thermodynamic     phenolic pollutants     immobilized laccase    

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Effects of metal ions on the morphology of calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers by hydrothermal method

Tianjie Liu, Hao Fan, Yanxia Xu, Xingfu Song, Jianguo Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 545-553 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1665-8

摘要： The effects of Na , Mg , Al and Fe ion concentrations on the crystal morphology of calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers formed via a hydrothermal method have been studied. In the presence of Al concentrations higher than 1×10 mol/L the whiskers were significantly shorter and thicker and the presence of Mg and Fe resulted in shorter whiskers. The presence of Na did not affect the morphology of the whiskers. Through elemental analysis, it was determined that Mg and Al were selectively adsorbed on the surfaces of the crystals, whereas Fe underwent a hydrolysis reaction to form a brown precipitate which decreased the ion concentration in the solution. These results indicate that in raw materials used for the industrial preparation of calcium sulfate whiskers, Al and Fe should be removed and the Mg concentration should be less than 8 × 10 mol/L in order to obtain pure whiskers with high aspect ratios.

关键词： metal ions     morphology     calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers     hydrothermal method     selective adsorption    

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The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 317-327 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1622-6

摘要： This study reports on the impact of the curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymer (IP) mortars made from a water quenched fayalitic slag. Three similar IP mortars were produced by mixing together slag, aggregate and activating solution, and cured in three different environments for 28 d: a) at 20 °C and relative humidity (RH) ~ 50% (T20RH50), b) at 20 °C and RH≥90% (T20RH90) and c) at 60 °C and RH ~ 20% (T60RH20). Compressive strength (EN 196-1) varied between 19 MPa (T20RH50) and 31 MPa (T20RH90). This was found to be attributed to the cracks formed upon curing. Geochemical modelling and two leaching tests were performed, the EA NEN 7375 tank test, and the BS EN 12457-1 single batch test. Results show that Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and As leaching occurred even at high pH, which varied between 10 and 11 in the tank test’s leachates and between 12 and 12.5 in the single batch’s leachates. Leaching values obtained were below the requirements for non-shaped materials of Flemish legislation for As, Cu and Ni in the single batch test.

关键词： inorganic polymer     geochemical leaching modelling     heavy metals     recycling     non-ferrous fayalitic slag     curing    

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Removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration using mixed surfactants

Amar D. Vibhandik, Kumudini V. Marathe

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 79-86 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1407-0

摘要： Ni(II) ions were removed from aqueous waste using micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) with a mixture of surfactants. The surfactant mixture was the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 (TW80) mixed with the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in different molar ratios ranging from 0.1–1.5. The operational variables of the MEUF process such as pH, applied pressure, surfactant to metal ion ratio and nonionic to ionic surfactant molar ratio (α) were evaluated. Rejection of Ni and TW80 was 99% and 98% respectively whereas that for SDS was 65%. The flux and all resistances (fouling resistance, resistance due to concentration polarization) were measured and calculated for entire range of α respectively. A calculated flux was found to be declined with time, which was mainly attributed to concentration polarization rather than resistance from membrane fouling.

关键词： MEUF     Ni (II) ions     membrane resistance     concentration polarization     mixed surfactants    

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Simultaneous removal of total oxidizable carbon, phosphate and various metallic ions from HO solution

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 470-482 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2231-6

摘要： Amino-functionalized zirconia was synthesized by the co-condensation method using zirconium butanol and 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane for the simultaneous removal of various impurities from aqueous 30% H2O2 solution. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Zeta potential showed that the content of N in amino-functionalized zirconia increased with the added amount of 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane. Accordingly, the removal efficiency of total oxidizable carbon, phosphate and metallic ions from the H2O2 solution increased. The adsorbent with an N content of 1.62% exhibited superior adsorption performance. The removal efficiency of 82.7% for total oxidizable carbon, 34.2% for phosphate, 87.1% for Fe3+, 83.2% for Al3+, 55.1% for Ca2+ and 66.6% for Mg2+, with a total adsorption capacity of 119.6 mg·g–1, could be achieved. The studies conducted using simulated solutions showed that the adsorption process of phosphate on amino-functionalized zirconia is endothermic and spontaneous, and the behaviors could be well described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 186.7 mg·g–1. The characterizations of the spent adsorbents by Zeta potential, FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the adsorption mechanism of phosphate is predominantly electrostatic attraction by the protonated functional groups and complementary ligand exchange with zirconium hydroxyl groups.

关键词： adsorption     zirconia     total oxidizable carbon     phosphate     metallic ions     hydrogen peroxide    

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Enhanced charge extraction for all-inorganic perovskite solar cells by graphene oxide quantum dots modified

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 516-524 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2238-z

摘要： All-inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite solar cells have been attracting growing interest due to superior performance stability and low cost. However, low light absorbance and large charge recombination at TiO2/CsPbBr3 interface or within CsPbBr3 film still prevent further performance improvement. Herein, we report devices with high power conversion efficiency (9.16%) by introducing graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) between TiO2 and perovskite layers. The recombination of interfacial radiation can be effectively restrained due to enhanced charge transfer capability. GOQDs with C-rich active sites can involve in crystallization and fill within the CsPbBr3 perovskite film as functional semiconductor additives. This work provides a promising strategy to optimize the crystallization process and boost charge extraction at the surface/interface optoelectronic properties of perovskites for high efficient and low-cost solar cells.

关键词： all inorganic     perovskite solar cells     graphene oxide quantum dots     high performance     stability    

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High performance solid-state thermoelectric energy conversion via inorganic metal halide perovskites

Lifu YAN, Lingling ZHAO, Guiting YANG, Shichao LIU, Yang LIU, Shangchao LIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 581-594 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0831-y

摘要： Solid-state thermoelectric energy conversion devices attract broad research interests because of their great promises in waste heat recycling, space power generation, deep water power generation, and temperature control, but the search for essential thermoelectric materials with high performance still remains a great challenge. As an emerging low cost, solution-processed thermoelectric material, inorganic metal halide perovskites CsPb(I1–xBrx)3 under mechanical deformation is systematically investigated using the first-principle calculations and the Boltzmann transport theory. It is demonstrated that halogen mixing and mechanical deformation are efficient methods to tailor electronic structures and charge transport properties in CsPb(I1–xBrx)3 synergistically. Halogen mixing leads to band splitting and anisotropic charge transport due to symmetry-breaking-induced intrinsic strains. Such band splitting reconstructs the band edge and can decrease the charge carrier effective mass, leading to excellent charge transport properties. Mechanical deformation can further push the orbital energies apart from each other in a more controllable manner, surpassing the impact from intrinsic strains. Both anisotropic charge transport properties andZT values are sensitive to the direction and magnitude of strain, showing a wide range of variation from 20% to 400% (with a ZT value of up to 1.85) compared with unstrained cases. The power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric device can reach as high as approximately 12% using mixed halide perovskites under tailored mechanical deformation when the heat-source is at 500 K and the cold side is maintained at 300 K, surpassing the performance of many existing bulk thermoelectric materials.

关键词： inorganic metal halide perovskites     mechanical deformation     thermoelectrics     first-principle calculations     Boltzmann transport theory    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Spectrokinetics study of probable effects of diverse inorganic ions on bleaching of dye

Rafia AZMAT, Masooda QADRI, Fahim UDDIN

期刊论文

Analysis of mobilization of inorganic ions in soil by electrokinetic remediation

Xiaojing LI, Lige WANG, Xueming SUN, Yuansheng CONG

期刊论文

Characteristics of mass distributions of aerosol particle and its inorganic water-soluble ions in summer

ZHAO Peng, ZHU Tong, LIANG Baosheng, HU Min, KANG Ling, GONG Jicheng

期刊论文

Characteristics of chemical components in PM

Jianwu SHI,Xiang DING,Yue ZHOU,Ran YOU,Lu HUANG,Jiming HAO,Feng XIANG,Jian YANG,Ze SHI,Xinyu HAN,Ping NING

期刊论文

Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

期刊论文

minimized fluorescent chemosensor array utilizing carboxylate-attached polythiophenes on a chip for metal ions

Yui Sasaki, Xiaojun Lyu, Zhoujie Zhang, Tsuyoshi Minami

期刊论文

Organic and inorganic phosphorus uptake by bacteria in a plug-flow microcosm

Jinbo ZHAO, Xuehua LIU

期刊论文

Nano-copper ions assembled cellulose-based composite with antibacterial activity for biodegradable personal

期刊论文

Immobilization of laccase on organic–inorganic nanocomposites and its application in the removal of phenolic

期刊论文

Effects of metal ions on the morphology of calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers by hydrothermal method

Tianjie Liu, Hao Fan, Yanxia Xu, Xingfu Song, Jianguo Yu

期刊论文

The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

期刊论文

Removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration using mixed surfactants

Amar D. Vibhandik, Kumudini V. Marathe

期刊论文

Simultaneous removal of total oxidizable carbon, phosphate and various metallic ions from HO solution

期刊论文

Enhanced charge extraction for all-inorganic perovskite solar cells by graphene oxide quantum dots modified

期刊论文

High performance solid-state thermoelectric energy conversion via inorganic metal halide perovskites

Lifu YAN, Lingling ZHAO, Guiting YANG, Shichao LIU, Yang LIU, Shangchao LIN

期刊论文